Preheating chlorine dioxide ClO2, which is usually chilled to maximize concentration, before it enters the mixer is an important energy conservation measure as it will reduce steam demand in the bleach plant. Pre-heating can be accomplished using secondary heat sources by installing heat exchangers in the ClO2 feed circuit (Kramer et al., 2009. p.93).
| Development Status | Products |
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Commercial
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Bleached Pulp
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| Parent Process: Bleaching | |
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| Energy Savings Potential |
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| CO2 Emission Reduction Potential |
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| Costs |
For another plant, savings in fuel, electricity, and steam were estimated at $61,000, while capital costs were estimated at $124,000 (2003 dollars) ((Kramer et al., 2009. p.93). |
This Energy Guide discusses energy efficiency practices and energy-efficient technologies that can be implemented at the component, process, facility, and organizational levels.
This report from National Council For Air And Stream Improvement in the US provides descriptions of technologies for CO2 reduction in pulp and paper mills, and offers calculations on cost and CO2 savings.
In one study, for a mill producing 1 000 ADT of bleached pulp, where Kappa value to bleaching is 30, where a ClO2 concentration of 9.5 g/l is used, and where ClO2 is heated from 2.8 to 43.3 C, 0.59 GJ/ADT of energy savings were estimated by using secondary heat in preheating (NCASI, 2001. p. 77).